Prague Med. Rep. 2015, 116, 122-138

https://doi.org/10.14712/23362936.2015.51

Sodium Orthovanadate and Trigonella Foenum Graecum Prevents Neuronal Parameters Decline and Impaired Glucose Homeostasis in Alloxan Diabetic Rats

Pardeep Kumar1, Asia Taha1,2, Nitin Kumar3,4, Vinod Kumar4, Najma Zaheer Baquer1

1School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
2Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
3Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
4Indian Institute of Maize Research, IARI, New Delhi, India

Received March 5, 2015
Accepted June 1, 2015

Hyperglycemia is the most important contributor in the onset and progress of diabetic complications mainly by producing oxidative stress. The present study was carried out to observe, the antihyperglycemic effect of sodium orthovanadate (SOV) and Trigonella foenum graecum seed powder (TSP) administration on blood glucose and insulin levels, membrane linked enzymes (monoamine oxidase, acetylcholinesterase, Ca2+ATPase), intracellular calcium (Ca2+) levels, lipid peroxidation, membrane fluidity and neurolipofuscin accumulation in brain of the alloxan induced diabetic rats and to see whether the treatment with SOV and TSP was capable of reversing the diabetic effects. Diabetes was induced by administration of alloxan monohydrate (15 mg/100 g body weight) and rats were treated with 2 IU insulin, 0.6 mg/ml SOV, 5% TSP in the diet and a combination of 0.2 mg/ml SOV and 5% TSP separately for three weeks. Diabetic rats showed hyperglycemia with almost four fold high blood glucose levels. Activities of acetylcholinesterase and Ca2+ATPase decreased in diabetic rat brain. Diabetic rats exhibited an increased level of intracellular Ca2+ levels, lipid peroxidation, neurolipofuscin accumulations and monoamine oxidase activity. Treatment of diabetic rats with insulin, TSP, SOV and a combined therapy of lower dose of SOV with TSP revived normoglycemia and restored the altered level of membrane bound enzymes, lipid peroxidation and neurolipofuscin accumulation. Our results showed that lower doses of SOV (0.2 mg/ml) could be used in combination with TSP in normalization of altered metabolic parameters and membrane linked enzymes without any harmful side effect.

Funding

The author Pardeep Kumar, is grateful to the financial support from Council of Scientific and Industrial Research in the form of senior research fellowship. Financial grant from Indian Council of Medical Research and University Grant Commission in the form of projects are acknowledged. Special thanks to Dr. B. L. Gupta and Dr. Somnath Mukherjee for their valuable suggestions.

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